Even when the Federal Government passed laws saying that anyone could buy a home, many minorities (such as African-Americans and Latinos) could not afford to buy in those neighborhoods. They were left asking, "What's the point of fair housing if we can't buy a home?"
Was this an example of integration, de facto segregation or explict segregation? Why?
Thursday, December 6, 2007
Drinking Fountains
During the 1960's, African-Americans had to use separate drinking fountains. They posted signs saying, "Whites Only" and "Colored."
Was this an example of integration, de facto segregation or explict segregation? Why?
Was this an example of integration, de facto segregation or explict segregation? Why?
Case: Brown v. Board of Education
In Brown versus the Board of Education, African-Americans sued a school district that separated the students based upon race. The Supreme Court decided that "separate is not equal," and forced the schools to have a mix of races.
Was the Supreme Court decision an example of integration or de facto segregation or explicit segregation? Why?
Was the Supreme Court decision an example of integration or de facto segregation or explicit segregation? Why?
Wednesday, December 5, 2007
borders
Read the following article and comment about it. Is this a Civil Rights issue? If so, what can be done to stop it?
SAN LUIS RÍO COLORADO, Mexico — For 10 years, Eduardo Valenzuela has been crossing the border illegally near Yuma, Ariz., trekking over desert scrub and hopping a freight train to get back to his job with a construction company in Phoenix. The clandestine trip has become an annual ritual for him, as he goes home each winter to see his children.
But on a recent afternoon he and four travel companions from his hometown, Los Mochis, plopped down on a bench in a park in the border town of San Luis Río Colorado, exhausted and dispirited. They were beat. Border Patrol agents had caught them twice over three days, hounding them with helicopters and four-wheel-drive trucks.
“It’s become much more difficult,” Mr. Valenzuela said, echoing the comments of dozens of other migrants. “Before, you just arrived here and then you walked a little and got the train. You used to see a border patrol agent every 10 kilometers. Now you see four of them where there was one. Think of it.”
All along the border, there are signs that the measures the Border Patrol and other federal agencies have taken over the last year, from erecting new barriers to posting 6,000 National Guardsmen as armed sentinels, are beginning to slow the flow of illegal immigrants.
The only available barometer of the decline is how many migrants are caught. In the last four months, the number has dropped 27 percent compared with the same period last year, the biggest drop since a crackdown immediately after 9/11. In two sections around Yuma and near Del Rio, Tex., the numbers have fallen by nearly two-thirds, Homeland Security officials say.
“We are comfortable that this actually reflects a change in momentum,” Michael Chertoff, the secretary of Homeland Security, said in an interview last week during his first official visit to Mexico City. “I’m always quick to say it doesn’t mean we can declare victory. To some degree, I expect the criminal organizations or smugglers are pulling back a little, watching to see if we lose interest.”
Some immigration experts said it was too early to tell if the enforcement efforts had caused a permanent downturn. In the past, tougher enforcement has only caused smugglers to seek new routes. “It’s the squeeze the balloon phenomenon,” said Roberto Suro, the director of the Pew Hispanic Center in Washington. “Sometimes you can’t tell where the bubble will come when you squeeze until later.”
Nor can they rule out other factors, like a relatively cold winter on the border and Mexico’s solid economic growth last year. Border Patrol commanders say they see no explanation for the drop-off across the entire 2,000-mile border other than stiffer enforcement deterring migrants. The slackening flow, they argue, belies the conventional wisdom that it is impossible to stem illegal migration. Many veteran officers in the force are now beginning to believe it can be controlled with enough resources.
The new measures range from simply putting more officers out on patrol to erecting stadium lights, secondary fences and barriers of thick steel poles to stop smugglers from racing across the desert in all-wheel-drive trucks. The Border Patrol has deployed hundreds of new guards to watch rivers, monitor surveillance cameras and guard fences.
In the Yuma headquarters of the Border Patrol, for instance, Chief Ronald Colburn said that with the help of the National Guard the patrol had doubled the agents in his sector to about 900, extended the primary steel wall eight miles past the end of the Mexican town of San Luis Río Colorado, and constructed a vehicle barrier six miles beyond that. “It’s the right mix, the right recipe,” he said.
The federal government has also begun punishing migrants with prison time from the first time they enter illegally in some areas. For instance, along the 210 miles of border covered by the Del Rio office of the Border Patrol, everyone caught crossing illegally is charged in federal court and, if convicted, sentenced to at least two weeks in prison.
SAN LUIS RÍO COLORADO, Mexico — For 10 years, Eduardo Valenzuela has been crossing the border illegally near Yuma, Ariz., trekking over desert scrub and hopping a freight train to get back to his job with a construction company in Phoenix. The clandestine trip has become an annual ritual for him, as he goes home each winter to see his children.
But on a recent afternoon he and four travel companions from his hometown, Los Mochis, plopped down on a bench in a park in the border town of San Luis Río Colorado, exhausted and dispirited. They were beat. Border Patrol agents had caught them twice over three days, hounding them with helicopters and four-wheel-drive trucks.
“It’s become much more difficult,” Mr. Valenzuela said, echoing the comments of dozens of other migrants. “Before, you just arrived here and then you walked a little and got the train. You used to see a border patrol agent every 10 kilometers. Now you see four of them where there was one. Think of it.”
All along the border, there are signs that the measures the Border Patrol and other federal agencies have taken over the last year, from erecting new barriers to posting 6,000 National Guardsmen as armed sentinels, are beginning to slow the flow of illegal immigrants.
The only available barometer of the decline is how many migrants are caught. In the last four months, the number has dropped 27 percent compared with the same period last year, the biggest drop since a crackdown immediately after 9/11. In two sections around Yuma and near Del Rio, Tex., the numbers have fallen by nearly two-thirds, Homeland Security officials say.
“We are comfortable that this actually reflects a change in momentum,” Michael Chertoff, the secretary of Homeland Security, said in an interview last week during his first official visit to Mexico City. “I’m always quick to say it doesn’t mean we can declare victory. To some degree, I expect the criminal organizations or smugglers are pulling back a little, watching to see if we lose interest.”
Some immigration experts said it was too early to tell if the enforcement efforts had caused a permanent downturn. In the past, tougher enforcement has only caused smugglers to seek new routes. “It’s the squeeze the balloon phenomenon,” said Roberto Suro, the director of the Pew Hispanic Center in Washington. “Sometimes you can’t tell where the bubble will come when you squeeze until later.”
Nor can they rule out other factors, like a relatively cold winter on the border and Mexico’s solid economic growth last year. Border Patrol commanders say they see no explanation for the drop-off across the entire 2,000-mile border other than stiffer enforcement deterring migrants. The slackening flow, they argue, belies the conventional wisdom that it is impossible to stem illegal migration. Many veteran officers in the force are now beginning to believe it can be controlled with enough resources.
The new measures range from simply putting more officers out on patrol to erecting stadium lights, secondary fences and barriers of thick steel poles to stop smugglers from racing across the desert in all-wheel-drive trucks. The Border Patrol has deployed hundreds of new guards to watch rivers, monitor surveillance cameras and guard fences.
In the Yuma headquarters of the Border Patrol, for instance, Chief Ronald Colburn said that with the help of the National Guard the patrol had doubled the agents in his sector to about 900, extended the primary steel wall eight miles past the end of the Mexican town of San Luis Río Colorado, and constructed a vehicle barrier six miles beyond that. “It’s the right mix, the right recipe,” he said.
The federal government has also begun punishing migrants with prison time from the first time they enter illegally in some areas. For instance, along the 210 miles of border covered by the Del Rio office of the Border Patrol, everyone caught crossing illegally is charged in federal court and, if convicted, sentenced to at least two weeks in prison.
Tuesday, December 4, 2007
Walls or War?
by Antonese
Their heads faced against the wall. Around them are their family. The look in their eyes is confusion. Why is there a wall here? Why can't we come? Which gets you thinking. Why do nations create walls? My honest opinion is that nation build walls because they have no trust for others. Fear and greed over rule them forcing things of this sort. They have fear of what the people from other nations might do such as over power them. They have greed and say we have such a nice place which share. Many effects could happen because of this. Our world is already separated with some hate as it is walls will just make it much worse. Nations could go into war because they took the message the wrong way. Nothing positive could come out of complete separation. That brings me to a question on what the president has in our future,so why are we going to make them?
by Antonese
Their heads faced against the wall. Around them are their family. The look in their eyes is confusion. Why is there a wall here? Why can't we come? Which gets you thinking. Why do nations create walls? My honest opinion is that nation build walls because they have no trust for others. Fear and greed over rule them forcing things of this sort. They have fear of what the people from other nations might do such as over power them. They have greed and say we have such a nice place which share. Many effects could happen because of this. Our world is already separated with some hate as it is walls will just make it much worse. Nations could go into war because they took the message the wrong way. Nothing positive could come out of complete separation. That brings me to a question on what the president has in our future,so why are we going to make them?
Why Is It There?
By Mackenzie
Why is it there?
It separates them from us.
Lots of people go across.
But lots also get sent back.
People don't like it.
Some die when they pass this hurtful wall.
Its like racism.
Is that why its there?
Some people use it for a way to hurt people.
Some use it to create a better life
Kids ask why is it there?
Others say its not supposed to be there
Some say lets destroy it
But others say its not that easy
It causes so much pain
So I still ask
Why is it there?
By Mackenzie
Why is it there?
It separates them from us.
Lots of people go across.
But lots also get sent back.
People don't like it.
Some die when they pass this hurtful wall.
Its like racism.
Is that why its there?
Some people use it for a way to hurt people.
Some use it to create a better life
Kids ask why is it there?
Others say its not supposed to be there
Some say lets destroy it
But others say its not that easy
It causes so much pain
So I still ask
Why is it there?
Malcom X and Martin Luther King Jr.
| | Malcom X | Martin Luther King Jr. |
| Can all races get along? | Segregation – All races should be separate and leave one another alone | Integration – All races should live and interact with each other |
| Faith | Muslim | Christian |
| Methods | Violence might be necessary when protests are not enough, but also try boycotts and protests and speeches. | Never use violence. Instead, use boycotts, protests, speeches, etc. |
| National Identity | Be proud of your race and consider yourself a nation of your race instead of your country | Be proud of your American identity and your race at the same time. The goal is for all races to be part of our nation. |
Imagine you are an African-American during the Civil Rights movement. You have just heard speeches from Malcom X and Martin Luther King Jr. What are their similiarties? What are their differences? Whose approach do you like better? Which man would you choose to follow?
Malcom X and Martin Luther King Jr.
|
| Malcom X | Martin Luther King Jr. |
| Can all races get along? | Segregation – All races should be separate and leave one another alone | Integration – All races should live and interact with each other |
| Faith | Muslim | Christian |
| Methods | Violence might be necessary when protests are not enough, but also try boycotts and protests and speeches. | Never use violence. Instead, use boycotts, protests, speeches, etc. |
| National Identity | Be proud of your race and consider yourself a nation of your race instead of your country | Be proud of your American identity and your race at the same time. The goal is for all races to be part of our nation. |
What are their similiarties? What are their differences?
Whose approach do you like better?
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